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6C46

兴奋剂(包括苯丙胺类、甲基苯丙胺或甲卡西酮)使用所致障碍

Disorders due to use of stimulants including amphetamines, methamphetamine or methcathinone

上级条目
物质使用所致障碍
层级
4 级

定义

兴奋剂(包括苯丙胺类、甲基苯丙胺或甲卡西酮)使用所致障碍的特点是使用这些物质的模式和后果。除可卡因外,还有大量自然产生和合成的精神刺激剂。其中数量最多的是安非他明类物质,包括甲基苯丙胺。包括右苯丙胺在内的处方兴奋剂适用于少数情况,如注意缺陷多动障碍。甲卡西酮在许多国家被称为麻黄酮,是一种合成强效兴奋剂,是甲基苯丙胺的结构类似物,与卡西酮有关。所有这些药物主要具有精神刺激性,也是不同程度的血管收缩剂。它们会引起欣快感和多动,可见于兴奋剂中毒。它们具有强烈的依赖性,这可能导致诊断为精神兴奋剂依赖和停止使用后的兴奋剂戒断。描述了几种由兴奋剂所致的精神障碍。

Disorders due to use of stimulants including amphetamines, methamphetamine or methcathinone are characterised by the pattern and consequences of use of these substances. There is a wide array of naturally occurring and synthetically produced psychostimulants other than cocaine. The most numerous of this group are the amphetamine-type substances, including methamphetamine. Prescribed stimulants including dexamphetamine are indicated for a limited number of conditions such as for Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder. Methcathinone, known in many countries as ephedrone, is a synthetic potent stimulant that is a structural analogue of methamphetamine and is related to cathinone. All these drugs have primarily psychostimulant properties and are also vasoconstrictors to a varying degree. They induce euphoria and hyperactivity as may be seen in Stimulant Intoxication. They have potent dependence-producing properties, which may lead to the diagnosis of Stimulant Dependence and Stimulant Withdrawal following the cessation of use. Several Stimulant-Induced Mental Disorders are described.

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英文词条(4)

子条目 共 10 条

后组配轴 Postcoordination

后组配是在主干编码之后追加的可选扩展轴(如侧别、具体解剖部位、严重程度),用于把「部位 + 侧别 + 病程」等细节一次表达完整。只有标注「必填」的轴在组合编码时必须给出,其余可留空。

  • 临床表现hasManifestation可选
  • 相关疾患associatedWith可选