兴奋剂（包括苯丙胺类、甲基苯丙胺或甲卡西酮）所致焦虑障碍

定义

兴奋剂（包括苯丙胺类、甲基苯丙胺或甲卡西酮）所致焦虑障碍的特征是在兴奋剂中毒或戒断期间或之后不久出现焦虑症状（如忧虑或担心、恐惧、过度自主神经唤醒的生理症状、回避行为）。这些症状的强度或持续时间大大超过了兴奋剂中毒或兴奋剂戒断所特有的焦虑症状。使用兴奋剂的量和持续时间必须能够产生焦虑症状。原发性精神障碍（如焦虑和恐惧相关障碍、伴有突出焦虑症状的抑郁障碍）不能更好地解释这些症状，如果焦虑症状发生在使用兴奋剂之前，如果症状在停止使用或停用兴奋剂后持续了相当长一段时间，或者如果有其他证据表明之前就存在伴有焦虑症状的原发性精神障碍（如之前的发作史与使用兴奋剂无关），则可能属于这种情况。

Stimulant-induced anxiety disorder including amphetamines, methamphetamine and methcathinone but excluding caffeine, cocaine and synthetic cathinones is characterised by anxiety symptoms (e.g., apprehension or worry, fear, physiological symptoms of excessive autonomic arousal, avoidance behaviour) that develop during or soon after intoxication or withdrawal due to stimulants. The intensity or duration of the symptoms is substantially in excess of anxiety symptoms that are characteristic of Stimulant intoxication or Stimulant withdrawal. The amount and duration of stimulant use must be capable of producing anxiety symptoms. The symptoms are not better explained by a primary mental disorder (e.g., an Anxiety and fear-related disorder, a Depressive disorder with prominent anxiety symptoms), as might be the case if the anxiety symptoms preceded the onset of the stimulant use, if the symptoms persist for a substantial period of time after cessation of the stimulant use or withdrawal, or if there is other evidence of a pre-existing primary mental disorder with anxiety symptoms (e.g., a history of prior episodes not associated with use of stimulants).

除外词 明确排除、需编到其他条目的情况

• 可卡因所致焦虑障碍6C45.71
• 咖啡因所致焦虑障碍6C48.40
• 合成卡西酮类物质所致焦虑障碍6C47.71

索引词 可用于检索该条目的同义词与别名

• 兴奋剂（包括苯丙胺类、甲基苯丙胺或甲卡西酮）所致焦虑障碍