可卡因所致焦虑障碍

定义

可卡因所致焦虑障碍的特征是在可卡因中毒或戒断期间或之后不久出现的焦虑症状（例如，恐惧或担忧、恐惧、自主神经过度唤醒的生理症状、回避行为）。症状强度或持续时间大大超过了可卡因中毒或可卡因戒断所特有的焦虑症状。可卡因用量和持续时间必须能够产生焦虑症状。这些症状不能用原发性精神障碍（例如，焦虑和恐惧相关障碍，具有突出焦虑症状的抑郁症）来更好地解释，如果焦虑症状在使用可卡因之前出现，如果症状在停止使用或戒断可卡因后持续很长时间，或者，如果有其他证据表明先前存在具有焦虑症状的原发性精神障碍（例如，与可卡因使用无关的既往发作史）。

Cocaine-induced anxiety disorder is characterised by anxiety symptoms (e.g., apprehension or worry, fear, physiological symptoms of excessive autonomic arousal, avoidance behaviour) that develop during or soon after intoxication with or withdrawal from cocaine. The intensity or duration of the symptoms is substantially in excess of anxiety symptoms that are characteristic of Cocaine intoxication or Cocaine withdrawal. The amount and duration of cocaine use must be capable of producing anxiety symptoms. The symptoms are not better explained by a primary mental disorder (e.g., an Anxiety and fear-related disorder, a Depressive disorder with prominent anxiety symptoms), as might be the case if the anxiety symptoms preceded the onset of the cocaine use, if the symptoms persist for a substantial period of time after cessation of the cocaine use or withdrawal, or if there is other evidence of a pre-existing primary mental disorder with anxiety symptoms (e.g., a history of prior episodes not associated with cocaine use).

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• 可卡因所致焦虑障碍