反应性依恋障碍
Reactive attachment disorder
- 上级条目
- 应激相关障碍
- 层级
- 3 级
定义
反应性依恋障碍的特点是在儿童早期出现严重异常的依恋行为，这些行为发生在儿童照料严重不足的历史背景下（如严重忽视、虐待、机构剥夺）。即使有足够的初级照顾者，儿童也不会向初级照顾者寻求安慰、支持和抚育，很少对任何成人表现出寻求安全的行为，而且在提供安慰时也不作出反应。反应性依恋障碍只能在儿童中诊断，而且这种障碍的特征在儿童出生后的头5年内就会形成。然而，在1岁之前（或发育年龄小于9个月），或在自闭症谱系障碍的情况下，这种障碍不能被诊断出来，因为此时选择性依恋的能力可能还没有完全发育。
Reactive attachment disorder is characterised by grossly abnormal attachment behaviours in early childhood, occurring in the context of a history of grossly inadequate child care (e.g., severe neglect, maltreatment, institutional deprivation). Even when an adequate primary caregiver is newly available, the child does not turn to the primary caregiver for comfort, support and nurture, rarely displays security-seeking behaviours towards any adult, and does not respond when comfort is offered. Reactive attachment disorder can only be diagnosed in children, and features of the disorder develop within the first 5 years of life. However, the disorder cannot be diagnosed before the age of 1 year (or a developmental age of less than 9 months), when the capacity for selective attachments may not be fully developed, or in the context of Autism spectrum disorder.
除外词 明确排除、需编到其他条目的情况
索引词 可用于检索该条目的同义词与别名
- 反应性依恋障碍
- 童年期反应性依恋障碍
- 童年早期反应性依恋障碍
英文词条（3）
- Reactive attachment disorder
- childhood reactive attachment disorder
- reactive attachment disorder of early childhood
后组配轴 Postcoordination
该条目未定义后组配轴，直接使用上面的编码即可。后组配是在主干编码之后追加侧别、具体解剖部位、严重程度、病因等细节的可选组合方式，不是必填项。