镇静、催眠或抗焦虑药物所致精神病性障碍

定义

镇静、催眠或抗焦虑药所致精神病性障碍的特点是在使用镇静剂、催眠剂或抗焦虑剂中毒期间或戒断后不久出现精神症状（如妄想、幻觉、思维混乱、行为严重紊乱）。症状强度或持续时间大大超过了镇静剂、催眠剂或抗焦虑剂引起的中毒或戒断特有的类似精神病的感知、认知或行为障碍。镇静剂、催眠剂或抗焦虑剂的使用量和时间必须能够产生精神病性症状。这些症状不能用原发性精神障碍（如精神分裂症，具有精神病性症状的情绪障碍）来更好地解释，如果精神病症状出现在使用镇静剂、催眠剂或抗焦虑剂之前，如果症状在停止使用镇静剂、催眠剂或抗焦虑剂或停药后持续很长时间，或者，如果有其他证据表明先前存在具有精神病症状的原发性精神障碍（例如，与镇静、催眠或抗焦虑药使用无关的既往发作史）。

Sedative, hypnotic or anxiolytic-induced psychotic disorder is characterised by psychotic symptoms (e.g. delusions, hallucinations, disorganised thinking, grossly disorganised behaviour) that develop during or soon after intoxication with or withdrawal from sedatives, hypnotics or anxiolytics. The intensity or duration of the symptoms is substantially in excess of psychotic-like disturbances of perception, cognition, or behaviour that are characteristic of intoxication or withdrawal due to sedatives, hypnotics or anxiolytics. The amount and duration of sedative, hypnotic or anxiolytic use must be capable of producing psychotic symptoms. The symptoms are not better explained by a primary mental disorder (e.g. Schizophrenia, a Mood disorder with psychotic symptoms), as might be the case if the psychotic symptoms preceded the onset of the sedative, hypnotic or anxiolytic use, if the symptoms persist for a substantial period of time after cessation of the sedative, hypnotic or anxiolytic use or withdrawal, or if there is other evidence of a pre-existing primary mental disorder with psychotic symptoms (e.g. a history of prior episodes not associated with sedative, hypnotic or anxiolytic use).

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• 镇静、催眠或抗焦虑药物所致精神病性障碍