暴露于重金属或其他毒素所致痴呆

定义

因接触重金属和其他毒素所致痴呆症是由于接触了特定重金属，如透析水中的铝、铅、汞或锰。暴露于重金属和其他毒素导致痴呆的特征性认知障碍取决于患者接触的特定重金属或毒素，但也可能影响任何认知领域。症状的发作与接触有关，尤其是急性接触时，进展可能很快。在许多情况下，一旦发现并停止接触，症状可逆。脑成像或神经电生理检测等检查可能出现异常。铅中毒与脑成像异常有关，包括广泛钙化和脑室周围白质、基底节-下丘脑和脑桥的MRI T2加权图像信号增强。铝中毒导致的痴呆可能表现出特征性阵发性高压δ脑电图变化。检查还可发现其他特征，如铅、砷或汞中毒引起的周围神经病变。

Dementia due to exposure to heavy metals and other toxins caused by toxic exposure to specific heavy metals such as aluminium from dialysis water, lead, mercury or manganese. The characteristic cognitive impairments in Dementia due to exposure to heavy metals and other toxins depend on the specific heavy metal or toxin that the individual has been exposed to but can affect any cognitive domain. Onset of symptoms is related to exposure and progression can be rapid especially with acute exposure. In many cases, symptoms are reversible when exposure is identified and ceases. Investigations such as brain imaging or neurophysiological testing may be abnormal. Lead poisoning is associated with abnormalities on brain imaging including widespread calcification and increased signal on MRI T2-weighted images of periventricular white matter, basal ganglia hypothalamus and pons. Dementia due to aluminium toxicity may demonstrate characteristic paroxysmal high-voltage delta EEG changes. Examination may make evident other features such as peripheral neuropathy in the case of lead, arsenic, or mercury.

除外词 明确排除、需编到其他条目的情况

• 精神活性物质（包括治疗药物）所致痴呆6D84

索引词 可用于检索该条目的同义词与别名

• 暴露于重金属或其他毒素所致痴呆

编码备注 Coding note

这些分类不可用作主要编码。当需要识别分类于他处的疾病引起的痴呆时，可将这些编码作为补充或附加编码。 对于多种病因引起的痴呆，对所有适用的病因进行编码。

This category should never be used in primary tabulation. The codes are provided for use as supplementary or additional codes when it is desired to identify the presence of dementia in diseases classified elsewhere. When dementia is due to multiple aetiologies, code all that apply.