挥发性吸入剂所致焦虑障碍

定义

挥发性吸入剂所致焦虑障碍的特征是在吸入或停用挥发性吸入剂期间或之后不久出现焦虑症状（如忧虑或担心、恐惧、过度自主神经唤醒的生理症状、回避行为）。症状的强度或持续时间大大超过挥发性吸入剂中毒或挥发性吸入剂戒断所特有的焦虑症状。使用挥发性吸入剂的量和持续时间必须能够产生焦虑症状。原发性精神障碍（如焦虑和恐惧相关障碍、抑郁症伴有明显焦虑症状）不能更好地解释这些症状、 如焦虑症状出现在使用挥发性吸入剂之前，或症状在停止使用或戒断挥发性吸入剂后持续相当长一段时间，或有其他证据表明之前已存在伴有焦虑症状的原发性精神障碍（如之前的发作史与使用挥发性吸入剂无关）。

Volatile inhalant-induced anxiety disorder is characterised by anxiety symptoms (e.g., apprehension or worry, fear, physiological symptoms of excessive autonomic arousal, avoidance behaviour) that develop during or soon after intoxication with or withdrawal from volatile inhalants. The intensity or duration of the symptoms is substantially in excess of anxiety symptoms that are characteristic of Volatile inhalant intoxication or Volatile inhalant withdrawal. The amount and duration of volatile inhalant use must be capable of producing anxiety symptoms. The symptoms are not better explained by a primary mental disorder (e.g., an Anxiety and Fear-Related Disorder, a Depressive Disorder with prominent anxiety symptoms), as might be the case if the anxiety symptoms preceded the onset of the volatile inhalant use, if the symptoms persist for a substantial period of time after cessation of the volatile inhalant use or withdrawal, or if there is other evidence of a pre-existing primary mental disorder with anxiety symptoms (e.g., a history of prior episodes not associated with volatile inhalant use).

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• 挥发性吸入剂所致焦虑障碍