大麻素类物质使用所致障碍

定义

使用大麻所致疾病的特点是使用大麻的模式和后果。大麻是大麻植物、大麻、相关物种和杂交种的一系列精神活性制剂的统称。大麻含有大麻素，这是一类作用于内源性大麻素受体的多种化合物，调节大脑中神经递质释放。主要的精神活性大麻素是δ-9-四氢大麻酚（THC）。通常以大麻植物的花头或叶子的形式被吸食；吸食时，烟草常与大麻混合。也有大麻油从这些相同来源制备。这些制剂在四氢大麻酚的效力上差异很大。大麻主要具有中枢神经系统抑制作用，并产生一种特有欣快感，这可能是大麻中毒的部分表现特征，也可能包括认知和精神运动功能受损。大麻具有产生依赖性的特性，导致一些人对大麻产生依赖，在减少或停止使用时出现大麻戒断现象。大麻与一系列大麻诱发的精神障碍有关。

Disorders due to use of cannabis are characterised by the pattern and consequences of cannabis use. Cannabis is the collective term for a range of psychoactive preparations of the cannabis plant, Cannabis sativa, and related species and hybrids. Cannabis contains cannabinoids, a class of diverse chemical compounds that act on endogenous cannabinoid receptors that modulate neurotransmitter release in the brain. The principal psychoactive cannabinoid is δ-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC). Cannabis is typically smoked in the form of the flowering heads or leaves of the Cannabis plant; tobacco is often mixed with cannabis when smoked. There are also cannabis oils that are prepared from these same sources. These preparations vary considerably in their THC potency. Cannabis has predominantly central nervous system depressant effects and produces a characteristic euphoria that may be part of the presenting features of Cannabis Intoxication, which may also include impairment in cognitive and psychomotor functioning. Cannabis has dependence-producing properties resulting in Cannabis Dependence in some people and Cannabis Withdrawal when use is reduced or discontinued. Cannabis is associated with a range of Cannabis-Induced Mental Disorders.

除外词 明确排除、需编到其他条目的情况

• 危险使用大麻QE11.1
• 合成大麻素类物质使用所致障碍6C42

子条目 共 10 条

• 6C41.0大麻有害性使用
• 6C41.1大麻素类物质有害性使用模式3
• 6C41.2大麻素类物质依赖5
• 6C41.3大麻素类物质中毒
• 6C41.4大麻素类物质戒断
• 6C41.5大麻素类物质所致谵妄
• 6C41.6大麻素类物质所致精神病性障碍
• 6C41.7某些特指的大麻所致的精神或i行为障碍2
• 6C41.Y其他特指的大麻素类物质使用所致障碍
• 6C41.Z未特指的大麻素类物质使用所致障碍