镇静、催眠或抗焦虑药物所致焦虑障碍

定义

镇静剂、催眠剂或抗焦虑剂所致焦虑障碍的特点是在使用镇静剂、催眠剂或抗焦虑剂中毒期间或戒断后不久出现焦虑症状（如忧虑或担心、恐惧、自主神经过度兴奋的生理症状、回避行为）。症状强度或持续时间大大超过了因镇静剂、催眠剂或抗焦虑剂中毒或戒断特有的焦虑症状。镇静剂、催眠剂或抗焦虑剂的使用量和持续时间必须能够产生焦虑症状。这些症状不能用一种原发性精神障碍来更好地解释（例如。如果焦虑症状发生在使用镇静剂、催眠剂或抗焦虑剂之前，如果症状在停止使用镇静剂、催眠剂或抗焦虑剂或戒断后持续了相当长一段时间，或者如果有其他证据表明先前存在具有焦虑症状的原发性精神障碍（如，以前有与使用镇静剂、催眠剂或抗焦虑剂使用无关的既往发作史）。

Sedative, hypnotic or anxiolytic-induced anxiety disorder is characterised by anxiety symptoms (e.g., apprehension or worry, fear, physiological symptoms of excessive autonomic arousal, avoidance behaviour) that develop during or soon after intoxication with or withdrawal from sedatives, hypnotics or anxiolytics. The intensity or duration of the symptoms is substantially in excess of anxiety symptoms that are characteristic of intoxication or withdrawal due to sedatives, hypnotics or anxiolytics. The amount and duration of sedative, hypnotic or anxiolytic use must be capable of producing anxiety symptoms. The symptoms are not better explained by a primary mental disorder (e.g., an Anxiety and Fear-Related Disorder, a Depressive Disorder with prominent anxiety symptoms), as might be the case if the anxiety symptoms preceded the onset of the sedative, hypnotic or anxiolytic use, if the symptoms persist for a substantial period of time after cessation of the sedative, hypnotic or anxiolytic use or withdrawal, or if there is other evidence of a pre-existing primary mental disorder with anxiety symptoms (e.g., a history of prior episodes not associated with sedative, hypnotic or anxiolytic use).

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• 镇静、催眠或抗焦虑药物所致焦虑障碍