分离性药物（包括氯胺酮或苯环利定PCP）所致焦虑障碍

定义

包括氯胺酮或五氯苯酚在内的分离性药物诱发焦虑症的特征是在分离性药物中毒期间或中毒后不久出现焦虑症状（如忧虑或担心、恐惧、自律神经过度唤起的生理症状、回避行为）。症状强度或持续时间大大超过分离性药物中毒特有的焦虑症状。使用分离性药物的数量和持续时间必须能够产生焦虑症状。原发性精神障碍（如焦虑和恐惧相关障碍、抑郁症伴有突出的焦虑症状）不能更好地解释这些症状、 如果焦虑症状出现在使用分离性药物之前，如果症状在停止使用分离性药物后持续了相当长一段时间，或者如果有其他证据表明先前就存在伴有焦虑症状的原发性精神障碍（例如，与分离性药物使用无关的既往发作史），则可能属于这种情况。）

Dissociative drug-induced anxiety disorder including ketamine or PCP is characterised by anxiety symptoms (e.g., apprehension or worry, fear, physiological symptoms of excessive autonomic arousal, avoidance behaviour) that develop during or soon after intoxication with dissociative drugs. The intensity or duration of the symptoms is substantially in excess of anxiety symptoms that are characteristic of Dissociative drug intoxication. The amount and duration of Dissociative drug use must be capable of producing anxiety symptoms. The symptoms are not better explained by a primary mental disorder (e.g., an Anxiety and Fear-Related Disorder, a Depressive Disorder with prominent anxiety symptoms), as might be the case if the anxiety symptoms preceded the onset of the dissociative drug use, if the symptoms persist for a substantial period of time after cessation of the dissociative drug use, or if there is other evidence of a pre-existing primary mental disorder with anxiety symptoms (e.g., a history of prior episodes not associated with dissociative drug use).

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• 分离性药物（包括氯胺酮或苯环利定PCP）所致焦虑障碍