酒精戒断

定义

酒精戒断是一组具有临床意义的症状、行为和/或生理特征，其严重程度和持续时间各不相同，发生在已发展为酒精依赖或长期或大量使用酒精的个人停止或减少使用酒精时。戒酒的表现特征可能包括自主神经功能亢进（如心动过速、高血压、出汗）、手震颤加剧、恶心、干呕或呕吐、失眠、焦虑、精神运动性躁动、抑郁或烦躁情绪、短暂的视觉、触觉或听觉幻觉或幻觉以及注意力分散。比较少见的是，戒断状态是复杂的全面强直阵挛发作。戒断状态可能发展为一种非常严重的谵妄，其特征是迷茫、迷失方向、妄想和长时间的视觉、触觉或听觉幻觉。在这种情况下，还应单独诊断酒精性谵妄。

Alcohol withdrawal is a clinically significant cluster of symptoms, behaviours and/or physiological features, varying in degree of severity and duration, that occurs upon cessation or reduction of use of alcohol in individuals who have developed Alcohol dependence or have used alcohol for a prolonged period or in large amounts. Presenting features of Alcohol withdrawal may include autonomic hyperactivity (e.g. tachycardia, hypertension, perspiration), increased hand tremor, nausea, retching or vomiting, insomnia, anxiety, psychomotor agitation, depressed or dysphoric mood, transient visual, tactile or auditory illusions or hallucinations, and distractability. Less commonly, the withdrawal state is complicated by generalised tonic-clonic seizures. The withdrawal state may progress to a very severe form of delirium characterised by confusion and disorientation, delusions, and prolonged visual, tactile or auditory hallucinations. In such cases, a separate diagnosis of Alcohol-induced delirium should also be assigned.

子条目 共 5 条

• 6C40.40酒精戒断，无并发症
• 6C40.41酒精戒断伴知觉异常
• 6C40.42酒精戒断伴抽搐
• 6C40.43酒精戒断伴知觉异常和抽搐
• 6C40.4Z未特指的酒精戒断