分离性药物（包括氯胺酮或PCP）所致精神病性障碍

定义

包括氯胺酮或五氯苯酚在内的分离性药物所致精神障碍的特征是在使用分离性药物中毒期间或中毒后不久出现精神症状（如妄想、幻觉、思维混乱、行为严重紊乱）。症状强度或持续时间大大超过分离性药物中毒所特有的类似精神病的感知、认知或行为障碍。使用分离性药物的数量和持续时间必须能够产生精神病症状。原发性精神障碍（如精神分裂症、伴有精神病症状的心境障碍）不能更好地解释这些症状，如果精神病性症状发生在使用分离性药物之前，如果症状在停止使用分离性药物后持续相当长一段时间，或者如果有其他证据表明先前存在伴有精神病性症状的原发性精神障碍（如与使用分离药物无关的既往发作史），则可能属于这种情况。

Dissociative drug-induced psychotic disorder including ketamine or phencyclidine (PCP) is characterised by psychotic symptoms (e.g., delusions, hallucinations, disorganised thinking, grossly disorganised behaviour) that develop during or soon after intoxication with dissociative drugs. The intensity or duration of the symptoms is substantially in excess of psychotic-like disturbances of perception, cognition, or behaviour that are characteristic of Dissociative drug intoxication. The amount and duration of Dissociative drug use must be capable of producing psychotic symptoms. The symptoms are not better explained by a primary mental disorder (e.g., Schizophrenia, a Mood disorder with psychotic symptoms), as might be the case if the psychotic symptoms preceded the onset of the dissociative drug use, if the symptoms persist for a substantial period of time after cessation of the dissociative drug use, or if there is other evidence of a pre-existing primary mental disorder with psychotic symptoms (e.g., a history of prior episodes not associated with dissociative drug use).

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• 分离性药物（包括氯胺酮或PCP）所致精神病性障碍