合成卡西酮类物质所致强迫或相关综合征

定义

合成卡西酮类物质所致强迫或相关综合征的特征是，在合成卡西酮中毒或戒断期间或之后不久，出现反复侵入性思维或全神贯注，通常与焦虑有关，并通常伴有作为反应的重复行为，或反复出现针对皮肤的习惯性行为（如拔毛、抠皮肤）。这些症状的强度或持续时间大大超过合成卡西酮中毒或合成卡西酮戒断所特有的类似障碍。使用合成卡西酮的数量和持续时间必须能够产生强迫症或相关症状。如果症状出现在开始使用合成卡西酮之前，如果症状在停止使用或戒断合成卡西酮后持续相当长一段时间，或者如果有其他证据表明原先就存在强迫症或相关症状的原发性精神障碍（特别是强迫症或相关障碍），则这些症状不能更好地用原发性精神障碍（特别是强迫症或相关障碍）来解释；如果症状在停止使用或戒断合成卡西酮后持续相当长一段时间，或者如果有其他证据表明原先就存在强迫症或相关症状的原发性精神障碍（例如，与合成卡西酮的使用无关的既往发作史），则这些症状不能更好地用原发性精神障碍（特别是强迫症或相关障碍）来解释。

Synthetic cathinone-induced obsessive-compulsive or related disorder is characterised by either repetitive intrusive thoughts or preoccupations, normally associated with anxiety and typically accompanied by repetitive behaviours performed in response, or by recurrent and habitual actions directed at the integument (e.g., hair pulling, skin picking) that develop during or soon after intoxication with or withdrawal from synthetic cathinones. The intensity or duration of the symptoms is substantially in excess of analogous disturbances that are characteristic of Synthetic cathinone intoxication or Synthetic cathinone withdrawal. The amount and duration of synthetic cathinone use must be capable of producing obsessive-compulsive or related symptoms. The symptoms are not better explained by a primary mental disorder (in particular an Obsessive-compulsive or related disorder), as might be the case if the symptoms preceded the onset of the synthetic cathinone use, if the symptoms persist for a substantial period of time after cessation of the synthetic cathinone use or withdrawal, or if there is other evidence of a pre-existing primary mental disorder with obsessive-compulsive or related symptoms (e.g., a history of prior episodes not associated with synthetic cathinone use).

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• 合成卡西酮类物质所致强迫或相关综合征