可卡因所致强迫或相关障碍

定义

可卡因所致强迫症或相关障碍的特征是反复侵袭性思维或忧心忡忡，通常与焦虑有关，通常伴随作为回应的重复行为，或在可卡因中毒或戒断期间或之后不久发生的针对表皮的反复和习惯性行为（例如，拔毛、抠皮肤）。症状强度或持续时间大大超过了可卡因中毒或可卡因戒断所特有的类似障碍。可卡因用量和持续时间必须能够产生强迫症或相关症状。这些症状不能用原发性精神障碍（特别是强迫症或相关障碍）来更好地解释，如果症状出现在可卡因使用之前，如果症状在停止使用或戒断可卡因后持续很长一段时间，或者，如果有其他证据表明先前存在具有强迫症或相关症状的原发性精神障碍（例如，与可卡因使用无关的既往发作史），则可能是这种情况。

Cocaine-induced obsessive-compulsive or related disorder is characterised by either repetitive intrusive thoughts or preoccupations, normally associated with anxiety and typically accompanied by repetitive behaviours performed in response, or by recurrent and habitual actions directed at the integument (e.g., hair pulling, skin picking) that develop during or soon after intoxication with or withdrawal from cocaine. The intensity or duration of the symptoms is substantially in excess of analogous disturbances that are characteristic of Cocaine intoxication or Cocaine withdrawal. The amount and duration of cocaine use must be capable of producing obsessive-compulsive or related symptoms. The symptoms are not better explained by a primary mental disorder (in particular an Obsessive-compulsive or related disorder), as might be the case if the symptoms preceded the onset of the cocaine use, if the symptoms persist for a substantial period of time after cessation of the cocaine use or withdrawal, or if there is other evidence of a pre-existing primary mental disorder with obsessive-compulsive or related symptoms (e.g., a history of prior episodes not associated with cocaine use).

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• 可卡因所致强迫或相关障碍