酒精所致焦虑障碍

定义

酒精所致焦虑障碍的特点是在酒精中毒或戒酒期间或之后不久出现焦虑症状（如恐惧或担忧、恐惧、过度自主觉醒的生理症状、回避行为）。症状的强度或持续时间大大超过了酒精中毒或酒精戒断所特有的焦虑症状。饮酒量和持续时间必须能够产生焦虑症状。原发性精神障碍（例如，焦虑和恐惧相关障碍、具有显著焦虑症状的抑郁症）不能更好地解释这些症状，如果焦虑症状发生在饮酒之前，如果停止饮酒或戒酒后症状持续相当长时间，或者，如果有其他证据表明先前存在的具有焦虑症状的原发性精神障碍（例如，与饮酒无关的既往发作史），就可能是这种情况。

Alcohol-induced anxiety disorder is characterised by anxiety symptoms (e.g., apprehension or worry, fear, physiological symptoms of excessive autonomic arousal, avoidance behaviour) that develop during or soon after intoxication with or withdrawal from alcohol. The intensity or duration of the symptoms is substantially in excess of anxiety symptoms that are characteristic of Alcohol intoxication or Alcohol withdrawal. The amount and duration of alcohol use must be capable of producing anxiety symptoms. The symptoms are not better explained by a primary mental disorder (e.g., an Anxiety and Fear-Related Disorder, a Depressive Disorder with prominent anxiety symptoms), as might be the case if the anxiety symptoms preceded the onset of the alcohol use, if the symptoms persist for a substantial period of time after cessation of the alcohol use or withdrawal, or if there is other evidence of a pre-existing primary mental disorder with anxiety symptoms (e.g., a history of prior episodes not associated with alcohol use).

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• 酒精所致焦虑障碍