中枢神经系统（脑或脊髓）的副肿瘤性或自身免疫性疾病
Paraneoplastic or autoimmune disorders of the central nervous system, brain or spinal cord
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- 4 级
定义
中枢神经系统、大脑和脊髓神经系统的副肿瘤性疾病和自身免疫性疾病是由于对中枢（如脑病、共济失调、骨髓病、脊髓炎）神经系统的神经元或胶质细胞的定向免疫攻击所致。在副肿瘤的情况下，这种攻击是由来自系统性癌症的体细胞抗原启动的潜在有效肿瘤免疫反应的结果。在被称为“自身免疫性”的非副肿瘤性疾病中，尽管越来越多的证据表明至少在某些病例中存在感染性诱因，但其病因仍然难以捉摸。这些疾病通常是多灶性的，导致中枢神经系统多个层面的损伤和症状。经常发现自身免疫的个人或家族史。可发现伴随神经和非器官特异性（甲状腺过氧化物酶[TPO]抗体）自身抗体。神经自身抗体谱可以预测特定的癌症类型，并且可能与特定的神经系统表型相关。排除其他病因（如感染）很重要。对免疫治疗的反应可能支持诊断。
Paraneoplastic and autoimmune disorders of the central nervous system, brain and spinal cord nervous system result from a targeted immune attack on neurons or glial cells in the central (e.g. encephalopathy, ataxia, myelopathy, myelitis) nervous system. In the paraneoplastic context, this attack is a consequence of a potentially effective tumour immune response initiated by onco-neural antigens derived from a systemic cancer. In the non-paraneoplastic context termed ‘autoimmune’ the etiology remains elusive though increasing evidence indicates a preceding infectious trigger in at least some cases. These disorders are commonly multifocal causing injury and symptoms arising from involvement at many levels of the central nervous system. A personal or family history of autoimmunity is often found. Accompanying neural and non-organ specific (thyroid peroxidase [TPO] antibodies) autoantibodies may be found. The neural autoantibody profile may be predictive of a specific cancer type and may be associated with a particular neurological phenotype. Exclusion of alternative etiologies (e.g. infections) is important. Response to immunotherapy may support the diagnosis.
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索引词 可用于检索该条目的同义词与别名
- 中枢神经系统（脑或脊髓）的副肿瘤性或自身免疫性疾病
- 癌旁脑炎
- 副肿瘤性脑炎，神经自身抗体阳性
- 副肿瘤性脑炎，神经自身抗体阴性
- 自身免疫性脑炎
- 桥本脑炎
- 非血管炎自身免疫性脑膜脑炎
- 自身免疫性脑炎，神经自身抗体阳性
- 自身免疫性脑炎，神经自身抗体阴性
- 副肿瘤性脑病
- 自身免疫性脑病
- SREAT[与自身免疫性甲状腺炎相关的类固醇反应性脑病]
- 桥本的脑病
- 免疫治疗反应性脑病
- 自身免疫性痴呆
- 副肿瘤性边缘叶脑炎
- 副肿瘤性边缘叶脑炎，神经自身抗体阳性
- 副肿瘤性边缘叶脑炎，神经自身抗体阴性
- 自身免疫性边缘叶脑炎
- 自身免疫性边缘叶脑炎，神经自身抗体阳性
- 自身免疫性边缘叶脑炎，神经自身抗体阴性
- 副肿瘤性脑干脑炎
- 副肿瘤性脑干综合征
- 副肿瘤性脑干脑炎
- 副肿瘤性脑干脑炎，神经自身抗体阳性
- 副肿瘤性脑干脑炎，神经自身抗体阴性
- 自身免疫性脑干脑炎
- 自身免疫性脑白血病
- 自身免疫性脑干脑炎，神经自身抗体阳性
- 自身免疫性脑干脑炎，神经自身抗体阴性
- 副肿瘤性小脑变性
- 副肿瘤性共济失调
- 副肿瘤性小脑变性，神经自身抗体阳性
- 副肿瘤性小脑变性，神经自身抗体阴性
- 自身免疫性小脑变性或小脑炎
- 自身免疫性共济失调
- 自身免疫性小脑变性或小脑炎，神经自身抗体阳性
- 自身免疫性小脑变性或小脑炎，神经自身抗体阴性
- 副肿瘤性脑脊髓炎
- 副肿瘤性脑脊髓炎，神经自身抗体阳性
- 副肿瘤性脑脊髓炎，神经自身抗体阴性
- 副肿瘤性运动障碍
- 副肿瘤性运动障碍，自身抗体阳性
- 副肿瘤运动障碍，自身抗体阴性
- 副肿瘤性舞蹈病
- 副肿瘤性运动障碍
- 自身免疫性运动障碍
- 与链球菌感染相关的儿童自身免疫性神经精神疾患[PANDAS]
- 自身免疫性运动障碍，自身抗体阳性
- 自身免疫性运动障碍，自身抗体阴性
- 自身免疫性舞蹈病
- 自身免疫性运动障碍
- 自身免疫性张力失常
- 自身免疫性肌阵挛
- 副肿瘤性脊髓病
- 副肿瘤性脊髓炎 [possible translation]
- 副肿瘤性脊髓炎
- 副肿瘤性脊髓病，神经自身抗体阳性
- 副肿瘤性脊髓病，神经自身抗体阴性
- 自身免疫性脊髓病
- 自身免疫性脊髓炎 [possible translation]
- 自身免疫性脊髓炎
- 自身免疫性脊髓病，神经自身抗体阳性
- 自身免疫性脊髓病，神经自身抗体阴性
- 僵人综合征
- 僵人综合征
- Moersch-Woltman综合征
- 默-沃二氏综合征
- 僵人综合征经典型
- 僵人综合征经典型，谷氨酸脱羧酶自身抗体阳性
- 僵人综合征经典型，其他神经自身抗体阴性
- 僵人综合征经典型，其他神经自身抗体阳性
- 副肿瘤性僵人综合征经典型
- 僵人综合征变异型
- 僵人综合征变异型，谷氨酸脱羧酶自身抗体阳性
- 僵人综合征变异型，其他神经抗体阳性
- 僵人综合征变异型，神经抗体阴性
- 副肿瘤性僵人综合征变异型
- 视神经脊髓炎谱系疾病
- 某些特指的神经功能障碍，水通道蛋白-4抗体阳性
- 类固醇激素反应性慢性淋巴细胞性炎症伴脑桥血管周围强化症
- CLIPPERS[类固醇激素反应性慢性淋巴细胞性炎症伴脑桥血管周围强化症]
- 类固醇激素反应性慢性淋巴细胞性炎性反应伴脑桥血管周围强化症
- 抗NMDA受体脑炎
- 副肿瘤性肌张力障碍
英文词条（81）
- Paraneoplastic or autoimmune disorders of the central nervous system, brain or spinal cord
- Paraneoplastic encephalitis
- Paraneoplastic encephalitis, neural autoantibody positive
- Paraneoplastic encephalitis, neural autoantibody negative
- Autoimmune encephalitis
- Hashimoto encephalitis
- non-vasculitic autoimmune meningoencephalitis
- Autoimmune encephalitis, neural autoantibody positive
- Autoimmune encephalitis, neural autoantibody negative
- Paraneoplastic encephalopathy
- Autoimmune encephalopathy
- Hashimoto’s encephalopathy
- SREAT - [steroid-responsive-encephalopathy-associated with autoimmune thyroiditis]
- autoimmune dementia
- immunotherapy responsive encephalopathy
- Paraneoplastic limbic encephalitis
- Paraneoplastic limbic encephalitis, neural autoantibody positive
- Paraneoplastic limbic encephalitis, neural autoantibody negative
- Autoimmune limbic encephalitis
- Autoimmune limbic encephalitis, Neural autoantibody positive
- Autoimmune limbic encephalitis, Neural autoantibody negative
- Paraneoplastic brainstem encephalitis
- Paraneoplastic rhomboencephalitis
- paraneoplastic brain stem syndrome
- Paraneoplastic brainstem encephalitis, neural autoantibody positive
- Paraneoplastic brainstem encephalitis, neural autoantibody negative
- Autoimmune brainstem encephalitis
- autoimmune rhomboencephalitis
- Autoimmune brainstem encephalitis, neural autoantibody positive
- Autoimmune brainstem encephalitis, neural autoantibody negative
- Paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration
- paraneoplastic ataxia
- Paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration, neural autoantibody positive
- Paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration, neural autoantibody negative
- Autoimmune cerebellar degeneration or cerebellitis
- autoimmune ataxia
- Autoimmune cerebellar degeneration or cerebellitis, neural autoantibody positive
- Autoimmune cerebellar degeneration or cerebellitis, neural autoantibody negative
- Paraneoplastic encephalomyelitis
- Paraneoplastic encephalomyelitis, neural autoantibody positive
- Paraneoplastic encephalomyelitis, neural autoantibody negative
- Paraneoplastic movement disorder
- Paraneoplastic movement disorder, autoantibody positive
- Paraneoplastic movement disorder, autoantibody negative
- Paraneoplastic chorea
- Paraneoplastic dyskinesia
- Autoimmune movement disorder
- paediatric autoimmune neuropsychiatric disorders associated with streptococcal infections [PANDAS]
- Autoimmune movement disorder, autoantibody positive
- Autoimmune movement disorder, autoantibody negative
- Autoimmune chorea
- Autoimmune dyskinesia
- Autoimmune dystonia
- Autoimmune myoclonus
- Paraneoplastic myelopathy
- Paraneoplastic myelitis
- Paraneoplastic myelopathy, neural autoantibody positive
- Paraneoplastic myelopathy, neural autoantibody negative
- Autoimmune myelopathy
- autoimmune myelitis
- Autoimmune myelopathy, neural autoantibody positive
- Autoimmune myelopathy, neural autoantibody negative
- Stiff person syndrome
- Moersch-Woltman syndrome
- stiff man syndrome
- Stiff person syndrome classic form
- Stiff person syndrome classic form, glutamic acid decarboxylase-autoantibody positive
- Stiff person syndrome classic form, other neural autoantibody negative
- Stiff person syndrome classic form, other neural autoantibody positive
- Paraneoplastic stiff person syndrome classic form
- Stiff person syndrome variant form
- Stiff person syndrome variant form, glutamic acid decarboxylase autoantibody positive
- Stiff person syndrome variant form, other neural antibody positive
- Stiff person syndrome variant form, neural antibody negative
- Paraneoplastic stiff person syndrome variant form
- Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder
- Certain specified neurological disorder aquaporin-4 antibody positive
- Chronic lymphocytic inflammation with pontine perivascular enhancement responsive to steroids
- CLIPPERS - [Chronic lymphocytic inflammation with pontine perivascular enhancement responsive to steroids]
- Anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis
- Paraneoplastic dystonia
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