自身免疫性视网膜病

定义

自身免疫性视网膜病变是由免疫介导的视网膜炎症性疾病，与副肿瘤性视网膜病变不同之处在于与癌症无关联。患者表现为进行性视力下降，可能出现视杆（暗适应能力受损和周边视力问题）和视锥（视力、色彩功能障碍、光敏性和眩光）功能障碍。症状往往比眼底镜检查的临床体征更严重。多种抗视网膜自身抗体（如抗恢复蛋白抗体）被描述，尽管其意义尚不确定。自身免疫性视网膜病变是一种排除性诊断，需要排除视网膜病变的其他原因，而免疫疗法的潜在作用仍不确定。 相关的神经自身抗体包括： 如抗恢复蛋白抗体；α-烯醇化酶自身抗体；抗转导蛋白抗体。

Autoimmune retinopathies are immune-mediated inflammatory disorders of the retina that differ from paraneoplastic retinopathies in the lack of association with cancer. Patients present with progressive visual loss and dysfunction of rods (impaired dark adaption and peripheral vision problems) and cones (visual acuity, colour dysfunction, photosensitivity and glare) may occur. The symptoms are often worse than the clinical signs on fundoscopy. Multiple anti-retinal autoantibodies (e.g. anti-recoverin antibodies) are described although their significance is uncertain. Autoimmune retinopathy is a diagnosis of exclusion and other causes of retinopathy need to be ruled out, while the potential role of immunotherapy remains uncertain. Associated neural autoantibodies include: anti-recoverin autoantibodies; alpha-enolase autoantibodies; anti-transducin autoantibodies.

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• 自身免疫性视网膜病