出神障碍

定义

出神障碍的特点是在恍惚状态下，个人的意识状态有明显改变，或丧失个人惯有的身份认同感，在这种状态下，个人对周围环境的意识缩小，或异常狭窄和选择性地关注环境刺激，动作、姿势和语言被限制在重复的小范围内，被体验为不受自己控制。恍惚状态的特点不是被另一个身份取代的体验。恍惚发作是反复出现的，如果诊断是基于单次发作，则发作至少持续数天。恍惚状态是非自愿的和不受欢迎的，不被接受为集体文化或宗教活动的一部分。 这些症状并不完全发生在另一种分离性障碍期间，也不能用另一种精神、行为或神经发育障碍来更好地解释。这些症状不是由于某种物质或药物对中枢神经系统的直接影响，包括戒断作应、疲惫、或催眠或催眠状态，也不是由于神经系统疾病、头部创伤或睡眠-觉醒障碍。这些症状导致个人、家庭、社会、教育、职业或其他重要功能领域的严重痛苦或严重损害。

Trance disorder is characterised by trance states in which there is a marked alteration in the individual’s state of consciousness or a loss of the individual’s customary sense of personal identity in which the individual experiences a narrowing of awareness of immediate surroundings or unusually narrow and selective focusing on environmental stimuli and restriction of movements, postures, and speech to repetition of a small repertoire that is experienced as being outside of one’s control. The trance state is not characterised by the experience of being replaced by an alternate identity. Trance episodes are recurrent or, if the diagnosis is based on a single episode, the episode has lasted for at least several days. The trance state is involuntary and unwanted and is not accepted as a part of a collective cultural or religious practice. The symptoms do not occur exclusively during another dissociative disorder and are not better explained by another mental, behavioural or neurodevelopmental disorder. The symptoms are not due to the direct effects of a substance or medication on the central nervous system, including withdrawal effects, exhaustion, or to hypnagogic or hypnopompic states, and are not due to a disease of the nervous system, head trauma, or a sleep-wake disorder. The symptoms result in significant distress or significant impairment in personal, family, social, educational, occupational or other important areas of functioning.

索引词 可用于检索该条目的同义词与别名

• 出神障碍
• 分离出神 [possible translation]
• 分离出神