分离性身份障碍

定义

分离性身份识别障碍的特点是身份中断，其中有两个或两个以上不同人格状态（分离性身份），自我和代理意识明显不连续。每种人格状态包括其自身的经历、感知、构想以及与自我、身体和环境的关系模式。在与他人或环境的互动中，至少有两种不同的人格状态反复控制着个体的意识和功能，如在日常生活的特定方面，如养育子女或工作，或在特定情况下（如那些被认为是威胁的情况）的反应。人格状态的改变伴随着感觉、知觉、情感、认知、记忆、运动控制和行为的相关改变。有典型的失忆症发作，其程度可能很严重。这些症状不能用另一种精神、行为或神经发育障碍来更好地解释，也不是由于某种物质或药物对中枢神经系统的直接影响，包括戒断作应，也不是由于神经系统疾病或睡眠-觉醒障碍。这些症状导致个人、家庭、社会、教育、职业或其他重要功能领域的严重损害。

Dissociative identity disorder is characterised by disruption of identity in which there are two or more distinct personality states (dissociative identities) associated with marked discontinuities in the sense of self and agency. Each personality state includes its own pattern of experiencing, perceiving, conceiving, and relating to self, the body, and the environment. At least two distinct personality states recurrently take executive control of the individual’s consciousness and functioning in interacting with others or with the environment, such as in the performance of specific aspects of daily life such as parenting, or work, or in response to specific situations (e.g., those that are perceived as threatening). Changes in personality state are accompanied by related alterations in sensation, perception, affect, cognition, memory, motor control, and behaviour. There are typically episodes of amnesia, which may be severe. The symptoms are not better explained by another mental, behavioural or neurodevelopmental disorder and are not due to the direct effects of a substance or medication on the central nervous system, including withdrawal effects, and are not due to a disease of the nervous system or a sleep-wake disorder. The symptoms result in significant impairment in personal, family, social, educational, occupational or other important areas of functioning.

索引词 可用于检索该条目的同义词与别名

• 分离性身份障碍
• 解离性身份识别障碍
• 分离性身份识别障碍
• 多重人格 [possible translation]
• 多重人格障碍 [possible translation]
• 多重人格
• 多重人格障碍