部分分离性身份障碍

定义

部分分离性身份识别障碍的特点是身份中断，其中有两个或两个以上的人格状态（分离性身份），与自我和代理的意识明显不连续。每种人格状态包括其自身的经历、感知、构想以及与自我、身体和环境的关系模式。一种人格状态是主导的，在日常生活中正常运作，但被一种或多种非主导性人格状态所侵扰（分离性侵扰）。这些侵扰可能是认知的、情感的、感知的、运动的或行为的。他们有干扰主导人格状态功能的体验，通常是厌恶性的。 非支配性人格状态不会反复地控制个人的意识和功能，但可能会有偶尔的、有限的和短暂的发作，在这种情况下，一个独特的人格状态会采取执行控制来参与限定的行为，如对极端情绪状态的反应，或在自我伤害或创伤记忆的重现中。这些症状不能用另一种精神、行为或神经发育障碍来更好地解释，也不是由于某种物质或药物对中枢神经系统的直接影响，包括戒断效应，也不是由于神经系统疾病或睡眠-觉醒障碍。这些症状导致个人、家庭、社会、教育、职业或其他重要功能领域的严重损害。

Partial dissociative identity disorder is characterised by disruption of identity in which there are two or more distinct personality states (dissociative identities) associated with marked discontinuities in the sense of self and agency. Each personality state includes its own pattern of experiencing, perceiving, conceiving, and relating to self, the body, and the environment. One personality state is dominant and normally functions in daily life, but is intruded upon by one or more non-dominant personality states (dissociative intrusions). These intrusions may be cognitive, affective, perceptual, motor, or behavioural. They are experienced as interfering with the functioning of the dominant personality state and are typically aversive. The non-dominant personality states do not recurrently take executive control of the individual’s consciousness and functioning, but there may be occasional, limited and transient episodes in which a distinct personality state assumes executive control to engage in circumscribed behaviours, such as in response to extreme emotional states or during episodes of self-harm or the reenactment of traumatic memories. The symptoms are not better explained by another mental, behavioural or neurodevelopmental disorder and are not due to the direct effects of a substance or medication on the central nervous system, including withdrawal effects, and are not due to a disease of the nervous system or a sleep-wake disorder. The symptoms result in significant impairment in personal, family, social, educational, occupational or other important areas of functioning.

索引词 可用于检索该条目的同义词与别名

• 部分分离性身份障碍
• 慢性复发性混合性分离症状综合征
• 部分分离性身份识别障碍