丝状病毒病

定义

丝状病毒感染引起的一种致死率高的严重疾病。丝状病毒病的典型特征是急性发热，并伴非特异性症状/体征（如腹痛、厌食、疲劳、乏力、肌痛、咽痛），通常在几天后出现恶心、呕吐、腹泻，偶尔还会出现变化的皮疹。可能出现打嗝。严重者可有出血性表现（如穿刺部位出血、瘀血、瘀斑、内脏积液）、脑病、休克/低血压、多器官功能衰竭，孕妇感染后可出现自然流产。常见的实验室检查结果包括血小板减少、转氨酶浓度升高、电解质异常、肾功能不全的症状。康复者可能会出现长期的后遗症(如关节痛、神经认知功能障碍、葡萄膜炎有时伴随白内障形成），免疫赦免部位(如中枢神经系统、眼睛、睾丸)可能出现临床和亚临床的持续感染。人与人之间的传播通过直接接触血液、其他体液、器官或被污染的表面和材料发生，风险从临床症状发生时开始，并随着疾病的严重程度增加。家庭成员、性接触者、医护人员以及直接接触死者的葬仪参与者，风险特别大。潜伏期一般为7-11天（范围≈2-21天）。

A severe disease with high lethality caused by filovirus infection. Filovirus disease is typically characterised by acute onset of fever with non-specific symptoms/signs (e.g., abdominal pain, anorexia, fatigue, malaise, myalgia, sore throat) usually followed several days later by nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, and occasionally a variable rash. Hiccups may occur. Severe illness may include haemorrhagic manifestations (e.g., bleeding from puncture sites, ecchymoses, petechiae, visceral effusions), encephalopathy, shock/hypotension, multi-organ failure, spontaneous abortion in pregnant women when infected. Common laboratory findings include thrombocytopenia, elevated transaminase concentrations, electrolyte abnormalities, and signs of renal dysfunction. Individuals who recover may experience prolonged sequelae (e.g., arthralgia, neurocognitive dysfunction, uveitis sometimes followed by cataract formation). Viral persistence has been documented for some viral species in immune-privileged compartments (e.g., CNS, eyes, testes). Person-to-person transmission occurs by direct contact with blood, other bodily fluids, organs, or contaminated surfaces and materials with risk beginning at the onset of clinical signs and increasing with disease severity. Family members, healthcare providers and other people providing care to patients, and people with direct contact with the deceased are at particular risk. The incubation period typically is 7–11 days (range ≈2–21 days).

子条目 共 4 条

• 1D60.0埃博拉病6
• 1D60.1马尔堡病4
• 1D60.Y其他特指的丝状病毒病
• 1D60.Z丝状病毒病，病毒未特指