遗粪症不伴便秘或溢出性失禁

定义

遗粪症是指在已达到通常预期控便发育年龄（4岁）的个体，在不适宜的地方反复排出粪便（例如，在几个月内每月至少一次）。粪便失禁可能在出生时就已经存在（即正常婴儿失禁的非典型延伸），也可能在获得性大便控制能力后出现。遗粪症不伴便秘或溢出与粪便的滞留和嵌塞无关，而是反映在正常的生理排便控制情况下，不愿意、抗拒或未能遵守社会规范在可接受的地方排便。粪便通常具有正常的黏稠度，不适当的排便可能是间歇性的。

Encopresis is the repeated passage of faeces in inappropriate places occurring repeatedly (e.g., at least once per month over a period of several months) in an individual who has reached the developmental age when faecal continence is ordinarily expected (4 years). The faecal incontinence may have been present from birth (i.e., an atypical extension of normal infantile incontinence), or may have arisen following a period of acquired bowel control. Encopresis without constipation and overflow is not associated with retention and impaction of faeces, but rather reflects reluctance, resistance or failure to conform to social norms in defecating in acceptable places in the context of normal physiological control over defecation. Stools are typically of normal consistency and inappropriate defecation is likely to be intermittent.

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• 遗粪症不伴便秘或溢出性失禁