下颌骨髁突骨折

定义

髁突骨折是指在乙状切迹线和咬肌切迹线限定的上方或后方的骨折。下颌骨髁突骨折包括三个骨折层次，并被细分为头部、髁颈和髁基部。髁突头部骨折显示典型的骨折线，或者在外侧极区内，这可能导致垂直高度损失，或者在内侧极区，后者通常不影响垂直髁与椎间盘和窝的关系。髁突颈和基底骨折可根据影像学规则，即骨折线在乙状切迹水平之上和之下的比例进行区分，基本上可根据是否存在移位或脱位进行细分。其他定义参数包括是否存在碎片、侧向移位（内侧或外侧）、上主碎片的角度和骨折部位的几何形状（例如，直或斜、碎片间交错）

Condylar process fractures are defined as fractures running above or posterior to a line confined by the sigmoid notch line and the masseteric notch line. The mandibular condylar process comprises three fracture levels and is subdivided into the head region, the condylar neck, and the condylar base. Fractures of the condylar head show typical fracture lines either within the lateral pole zone, which may lead to loss of vertical height, or medially to the pole zone, with the latter ones usually not compromising the vertical condyle to disc and fossa relation. Fractures of the condylar neck and base can be differentiated according to radiologically based rules with regard to the proportion of the fracture line above and below the level of the sigmoid notch, and are basically subdivided according to the presence or absence of displacement or dislocation. Further parameters for definition are presence or absence of fragmentation, sideward displacement (medially or laterally), angulation of the superior main fragment and fracture-site geometry (e.g. straight or oblique, interfragmentary interdigitation)

除外词 明确排除、需编到其他条目的情况

• 下颌支骨折NA02.73
• 下颌骨髁下突骨折NA02.71

索引词 可用于检索该条目的同义词与别名

• 下颌骨髁突骨折
• 下颌骨髁突脱臼骨折
• 下颌骨髁突移位骨折
• 下颌骨髁突原位骨折
• 下颌骨髁骨折
• 下颌骨关节突骨折
• 髁骨头、颈和底骨折
• 髁突骨折
• 下颌髁突骨折
• 髁骨底骨折
• 髁骨底骨折（包括髁骨颈）
• 髁骨头骨折
• 髁突骨折伴严重碎裂
• 髁突骨折伴轻微碎裂
• 髁突头骨折，伴垂直高度下降
• 下颌骨髁突骨折伴下颌角或垂直高度丧失
• 髁突头骨折，不伴垂直高度损失