冻疮

定义

冻疮是由寒冷引起的损害，主要是易感个体肢端皮肤微血管损伤。在寒冷潮湿气候中，冬季最常见。表现为瘙痒或疼痛的红紫色斑点、丘疹或斑块，最常见影响手指和脚趾，但也可能累及其他肢体，包括脚跟、鼻子和耳朵。由于与核心体温绝缘，其他部位，特别是大腿外侧有厚皮下脂肪层的部位也可能受累。

Chilblains are the result of cold-induced damage principally to the microvasculature of acral skin in susceptible individuals. They are commonest in the winter months in cold, damp climates. They present as itchy or painful red-purple macules, papules or plaques, most commonly affecting the fingers and toes, though other body extremities including the heels, nose and ears can be involved. Because of insulation from core body temperature, other areas, especially the lateral thighs, may be involved in areas where there is a thick layer of subcutaneous fat.

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