新生儿坏死性小肠结肠炎
Necrotising enterocolitis of newborn
- 上级条目
- 胎儿或新生儿消化系统疾患
- 层级
- 3 级
定义
这是一种新生儿暴发性疾病，可能由于围产期肠道缺血和细菌入侵，导致广泛的粘膜溃疡、假膜形成、粘膜下出血和坏死，通常发生在右结肠、盲肠、回肠末端和阑尾（小肠结肠炎）。整个结肠、小肠、胃和食道也可能受累。大多数婴儿早产或患有呼吸窘迫综合征、败血症或缺氧。症状（在出生后头几周内明显）包括腹胀、胆汁性呕吐和黑便；可能出现呼吸暂停、嗜睡、体温不稳定、心动过速、呼吸过速和血压下降。这种疾病可能发展为穿孔和腹膜炎。
This is a fulminating disease of neonates in which there is extensive mucosal ulceration, pseudomembrane formation, submucosal haemorrhage, and necrosis usually of the right colon, caecum, terminal ileum, and appendix (ENTEROCOLITIS), possibly due to perinatal intestinal ischemia and bacterial invasion. The entire colon, small intestine, stomach, and oesophagus may also be affected. Most infants are premature or suffer from respiratory distress syndrome, sepsis, or hypoxia. Symptoms (apparent during the first few weeks of life) include abdominal distension, bilious vomiting, and melaena; there may be apnoea, lethargy, temperature instability, tachycardia, tachypnoea, and a fall in blood pressure. The disorder may progress to perforation and peritonitis.
子条目 共 6 条
后组配轴 Postcoordination
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