肺刚地弓形虫病

定义

在免疫缺陷患者中，弓形虫病最常发生于T细胞介导的免疫缺陷者，如接受皮质类固醇、抗肿瘤坏死因子（TNF）治疗或细胞毒药物的人，以及患有血液系统恶性肿瘤、器官移植或获得性免疫缺陷综合征（艾滋病）的人。 免疫缺陷患者的肺部弓形虫病可能以间质性肺炎、坏死性肺炎、固结、胸腔积液或脓胸的形式出现，或全部。 艾滋病弓形虫肺炎患者伴有咳嗽、呼吸困难和发烧。由于弓形虫病一般只见于晚期HIV感染，CD4计数低于100，因此大多数患有弓形虫肺炎的艾滋病患者已经有过与艾滋病毒相关的机会性感染。在实体器官移植患者中，最常见的是由于将弓形虫血清阳性的肺或心脏移植到血清阴性的受体中，导致了原发性肺部疾病。在骨髓移植患者中，肺弓形虫发生率为0.28%～0.45%。与实体器官移植患者不同的是，这些患者大多是再激活，而不是原发性疾病。

In immunodeficient patients, toxoplasmosis most often occurs in persons with defects in T cell–mediated immunity such as those receiving corticosteroids, anti–tumour necrosis factor (TNF) therapies, or cytotoxic drugs and those with hematologic malignancies, organ transplants, or acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Pulmonary toxoplasmosis in the immunodeficient patient may appear in the form of interstitial pneumonitis, necrotizing pneumonitis, consolidation, pleural effusion, or empyema, or all of these. AIDS patients with Toxoplasma pneumonia present with cough, dyspnoea, and fever. As toxoplasmosis is generally seen only in advanced HIV infection with CD4 counts below 100, the majority of AIDS patients who develop toxoplasma pneumonia already have had previous HIV-associated opportunistic infections. In solid organ transplant patients, this is most commonly due to transplantation of a toxoplasma-seropositive lung or heart into a seronegative recipient, resulting in primary pulmonary disease. In bone marrow transplant patients, pulmonary toxoplasmosis occurs in 0.28% to 0.45% of patients. Unlike solid organ transplant patients, most of these patients have reactivation, not primary disease.

包含词 该编码包含的临床情况，通常不作为独立编码

• 肺弓形虫病

索引词 可用于检索该条目的同义词与别名

• 肺刚地弓形虫病
• 弓形虫肺炎
• 获得性弓形虫肺炎
• 弓形虫肺炎
• 弓形虫肺炎
• 弓形虫肺炎
• 弓形虫肺炎
• 弓形虫肺炎
• 肺弓形虫病