疾病或死亡的外因

定义

世界卫生组织对“损伤”的定义是：“损伤是由于急性接触物理因素，如机械能、热、电、化学物质和电离辐射引起，其数量或速率超过人类耐受阈值。在某些情况下（例如，溺水和冻伤），损伤是由于突然缺乏必要的因子，如氧气或热量所造成。 损伤可以通过多种方式进行分类。然而，对于大多数分析目的和识别干预机会，根据损伤是否是故意造成的以及由谁来对损伤进行分类尤其有用。常用的类别有： - 无意的（即：偶然的） - 故意的（即：故意）： - 人际关系（例如：斗殴和杀人） - 自残（例如：毒品和酒精的滥用、自残、自杀） - 法律干预（例如：警方或其他执法人员的行动） - 战争、平民暴动和骚乱（例如：示威和骚乱） - 未确定的意图 关于收集造成损伤的事件，适用一 系列定义。参见ICD-11参考指南第2.21.8.9节“交通损伤事件的编码”和第2.23.19节“损伤事件的标准和编码指南”。

!markdown The WHO definition of an ‘injury’ is: ‘Injuries are caused by acute exposure to physical agents such as mechanical energy, heat, electricity, chemicals, and ionizing radiation interacting with the body in amounts or at rates that exceed the threshold of human tolerance. In some cases, (for example, drowning and frostbite), injuries result from the sudden lack of essential agents such as oxygen or heat. Injuries may be categorized in a number of ways. However, for most analytical purposes and for identifying intervention opportunities, it is especially useful to categorize injuries according to whether or not they were deliberately inflicted and by whom. Commonly used categories are: - unintentional (i.e. accidental) - intentional (i.e. deliberate): - interpersonal (e.g. assault and homicide) - self-harm (e.g. abuse of drugs and alcohol, self-mutilation, suicide) - legal intervention (e.g. action by police or other law enforcement personnel) - war, civil insurrection and disturbances (e.g. demonstrations and riots) - undetermined intent Regarding the collection of events that cause injuries, a set of definitions apply. See ICD-11 Reference guide sections 2.21.8.9 'Coding of transport injury events', and 2.23.19 'Standards and coding instructions for injury events'.

子条目 共 11 条

• —意图不确定11
• —暴露于极端的自然力量9
• —依法处置10
• —武装冲突11
• —虐待5
• —医疗相关伤害或损伤的原因8
• —加害11
• —故意自害11
• —意外原因11
• PL2Y其他特指的疾病和死亡的外因
• PL2Z未特指的疾病和死亡的外因