特发性嗜睡症

定义

特发性嗜睡症的特征是每天都有无法抑制的睡眠需求，或白天陷入睡眠状态，至少持续数月，但无猝倒或下视丘分泌素缺乏症（如果已确定）。多导睡眠监测/多次小睡睡眠潜伏期试验（MSLT）的结果具有嗜睡症特征（即两个或多个睡眠发作快速眼动期（SOREMP），或在多导睡眠监测/多次小睡睡眠潜伏期试验中出现一次或多次SOREMP，以及在之前的过夜多导睡眠图中出现一次SOREMP）。白天嗜睡并不能用其他疾病更好地解释。 (如睡眠不足综合征、阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停、昼夜节律失调性睡眠-觉醒障碍）、某种物质或药物，或某种疾病）。MSLT显示平均睡眠潜伏期≤8分钟，或多导睡眠监测或腕式睡眠活动记录仪显示24小时总睡眠时间为11小时或更长，这些都是嗜睡症的客观证据。通常可见长期严重睡眠惯性，包括持续难以醒来，反复入睡、易怒、自动行为和精神错乱。与嗜睡症不同，小睡时间通常较长，通常超过 60 分钟，且不精神。 注：明确诊断需要每天都有无法抑制的睡眠需求或白天进入睡眠状态，通过多次小睡睡眠潜伏期试验（MSLT/PSG）客观证明过度嗜睡和无REM相关发现。

Idiopathic hypersomnia is characterised by daily periods of irrepressible need to sleep or daytime lapses into sleep occurring for at least several months in the absence of cataplexy or hypocretin deficiency (if determined). Polysomnography/multiple sleep latency test (MSLT) findings characteristic of narcolepsy (i.e., two or more sleep-onset REM periods (SOREMP’s), or one or more SOREMP’s on MSLT and a SOREMP on the preceding overnight polysomnography) should also be absent. The daytime sleepiness is not better explained by another disorder (e.g., insufficient sleep syndrome, obstructive sleep apnoea, circadian rhythm sleep-wake disorder), a substance or medication, or a medical condition). Objective evidence of hypersomnolence is indicated by an MSLT showing a mean sleep latency of ≤ 8 minutes or by polysomnography or wrist actigraphy showing a total 24-hour sleep time of 11 hours or more. Prolonged and severe sleep inertia is often observed and consists of sustained difficulty waking up with repeated returns to sleep, irritability, automatic behaviour, and confusion. In contrast to narcolepsy, naps are generally long, often more than 60 minutes, and unrefreshing. Note: A definitive diagnosis requires daily periods of irrepressible need to sleep or daytime lapses into sleep, objective demonstration of excessive sleepiness and absence of REM-related findings by multiple sleep latency test (MSLT/PSG).

索引词 可用于检索该条目的同义词与别名

• 特发性嗜睡症
• 嗜睡症
• 过度嗜睡
• 过度嗜睡障碍