代偿性肺气肿

定义

代偿性肺气肿是指当另一部分肺被破坏或暂时失去作用时，另一部分肺的大小和功能增加的情况。例如，它的发生与肺炎、胸腔积液和气胸有关。解剖上，发现正常肺增大；与正常的结构没有变化；未受影响的肺，由于扩张，具有增加的肺活量，能够执行比正常情况下更多的工作。这些组织与真正的肺气肿组织没有任何相似之处。这种变化与真正的肺气肿毫无关系，不应使用这一术语，因为它在文献中造成了极大的混乱。它的使用并不比一个肾脏被切除后，另一个肾脏的代偿性增大，即代偿性肾炎更有道理。真正的肺气肿永远无法代偿病变的肺组织，因为肺气肿的肺完全或几乎完全没有功能。

Compensatory emphysema is a condition in which one portion of the lung increases in size and function, when another portion is destroyed or temporarily useless. It occurs, for instance, in association with pneumonias, pleural effusions and pneumothorax. Anatomically, there is found an enlargement of the normal lung; there are no variations from the normal structure; the unaffected lung, as a result of distention, has an increased vital capacity and is able to perform a greater amount of work than when in its usual condition. The tissues show no similarity to those truly emphysematous. This change is in no way related to true emphysema and the term should not be used, as it creates great confusion in the literature. Its use is no more justified than that of speaking of the compensatory enlargement of a kidney, when the opposite kidney has been removed, as of a compensatory nephritis. True emphysema can never compensate for diseased lung tissue, because the emphysematous lung is totally or almost totally functionless.

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• 代偿性肺气肿