其他自发性气胸

定义

非张力性气胸的自发性气胸包括在此分类中。 包括原发性无张力自发性气胸和继发性无张力自发性气胸。原发性自发性气胸发生在没有潜在肺部疾病的患者中，通常发生在十几岁和二十几岁高瘦的年轻男子身上。这被认为是由于吸烟或遗传引起的胸膜下心尖肺小泡或肺大疱自发破裂所致。它通常发生在休息时，尽管有些情况下发生在涉及伸手或伸展活动中。原发性自发性气胸也发生在潜水和高空飞行时，因为肺部压力变化传递不均等。 继发性自发性气胸发生在有基础肺病的病人身上。最常见于患有严重慢性阻塞性肺病、HIV相关的卡氏肺囊虫感染、囊性纤维化或任何潜在的肺实质疾病的患者的肺小泡或肺大疱破裂。 继发性自发性气胸比原发性自发性气胸更严重，因其基础肺病降低了肺储备。

Spontaneous pneumothorax that is not tension pneumothorax is included in this classification. They include primary spontaneous pneumothorax without tension and secondary spontaneous pneumothorax without tension. Primary spontaneous pneumothorax occurs in patients without underlying pulmonary disease, classically in tall, thin young men in their teens and 20s. It is thought to be due to spontaneous rupture of subpleural apical blebs or bullae that result from smoking or that are inherited. It generally occurs at rest, although some cases occur during activities involving reaching or stretching. Primary spontaneous pneumothorax also occurs during diving and high-altitude flying because of unequally transmitted pressure changes in the lung. Secondary spontaneous pneumothorax occurs in patients with underlying pulmonary disease. It most often results from rupture of a bleb or bulla in patients with severe COPD, HIV-related Pneumocystis jirovecii infection, cystic fibrosis, or any underlying pulmonary parenchymal disease. Secondary spontaneous pneumothorax is more serious than primary spontaneous pneumothorax because it occurs in patients whose underlying lung disease decreases their pulmonary reserve.

索引词 可用于检索该条目的同义词与别名

• 其他自发性气胸
• 家族性自发性气胸