帕金森综合征
Parkinsonism
- 上级条目
- 运动障碍
- 层级
- 3 级
定义
帕金森病是一种临床综合征，有四个主要特征：静止性震颤、肌肉僵硬、运动不能或运动迟缓，以及姿势障碍，包括缓慢步态和弯曲姿势以及姿势反射丧失。运动迟缓和其他一个临床特征是诊断帕金森病的必要条件。帕金森病可由多种情况引起，包括进行性神经退行性疾病，如帕金森病或非典型帕金森病，其中黑质和其他神经元的进行性变性导致多巴胺缺乏。帕金森病也可能是结构性病变的结果，如中风或肿瘤，或由神经阻滞剂等药物阻断纹状体中多巴胺受体。
Parkinsonism is a clinical syndrome characterised by four cardinal features: rest tremor, muscular rigidity, akinesia or bradykinesia, and postural disturbances which include shuffling gait and flexed posture and loss of postural reflexes. Bradykinesia and one other clinical feature is required to make a diagnosis of Parkinsonism. Parkinsonism may result from a variety of conditions including progressive neurodegenerative disorders such as Parkinson Disease or Atypical Parkinsonism where the progressive degeneration of nigral and other neurons leads to dopamine deficiency. Parkinsonism may also be a result of structural lesions such as strokes or tumours or blockage of dopamine receptors in the striatum by drugs such as neuroleptics.
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子条目 共 6 条
后组配轴 Postcoordination
该条目未定义后组配轴，直接使用上面的编码即可。后组配是在主干编码之后追加侧别、具体解剖部位、严重程度、病因等细节的可选组合方式，不是必填项。